Tooth enamel is the hardest tissue in the human body. It protects each tooth from chewing forces repeated many times a day, from hot and cold, and from acids. But it cannot grow back, so it is worth knowing how to look after it.
Why is enamel so tough?
Enamel is about 96 percent mineral by weight, mainly crystals of hydroxyapatite packed in a very tight and orderly structure. Enamel contains no living cells, so when it is damaged the body cannot rebuild it. Small mineral losses, however, can be partly repaired with the help of saliva, fluoride and minerals such as calcium and phosphate. This process is called remineralisation.
What wears enamel down?
- Acids: fizzy and acidic drinks, energy drinks, fruit juices and some foods soften enamel.
- Plaque bacteria: they turn sugar into acid, which dissolves minerals from the surface.
- Stomach acid: reflux and frequent vomiting can erode enamel.
- Clenching and grinding: wear down the biting surfaces.
- Hard brushing: especially straight after acid exposure, it speeds up wear.
Signs of enamel wear
- More sensitivity to hot, cold or sweet foods
- Yellowing of the teeth as the dentin underneath shows through
- Translucent tooth edges or small chips
- A rough or cupped surface
How to protect your enamel
- Brush twice a day with fluoride toothpaste and a soft or medium brush.
- After acidic food or drink, rinse with water and wait about 30 minutes before brushing.
- Drink acidic beverages through a straw and with meals where you can.
- Cut back on how often you snack on sugary foods.
- Chewing sugar-free gum helps saliva flow.
- If you suspect clenching or grinding, talk to your dentist — a night guard may help.
- Ask your dentist about regular check-ups and professional fluoride when needed.
What if damage has already happened?
In the early stage, fluoride and remineralising products can help. For more obvious wear, restorative options such as fillings, bonding or crowns come into play. Your dentist will choose what is suitable after an examination.
Appointments and questions: you can contact us or call +90 533 300 71 41.
This article is for general information only. For a diagnosis and treatment plan that fits you, please see your dentist.
